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Sribhashyam
This is a
detailed commentary on Brahmasutras. This is the magnum opus of
Ramanuja's works. He has revitalized the philosophy of Visistadvaita
in this work explaining clearly the fundamental concepts viz.
Sarirasiribhava, Sugunabrahma and Prapatti. In the course of the
text, the author critically examines and shows the untenability
of other schools of thought.
Sri Ramanujacharya
has written 9 important works viz Sribhashya, Vedarthasangraha,
Vedantasara, Vedantadipa, Gitabhashya, Saranagatigadya, Srirangagadya,
Vaikunthagadya and Nityagrantha. These works have been edited
quite a number of times in order to reach them to the modern readers.
Vedantadipa
Vedantadipa is a concise commentary on the Brahmasutras and gives
all the Visayavakyas, Visaya, Purvapaksha and Siddhanta. It is
an epitome of the Sribhashyam.
Vedantasara
Vedantasara
is a brief commentary on the Brahmasutras. It gives only the exact
meaning of the sutras and the quintessence of the adhikaranas.
Gitabhashyam
It is a commentary
on the Bhagavadgita. Ramanuja enunciates that Bhakti is the central
theme which leads to the attainment of the highest reality in
this work. The first six chapters of the Gita are, in Ramanuja's
opinion, devoted to the exposition of the method of self-realization
on the part of the individual self. The proper order of progression
in this process consists of the intellectual understanding of
the nature of self, the pursuit of Karmayoga and Jnanayoga. The
second group of six chapters deals with Bhaktiyoga which issues
out on self-realization as described in the first group. The object
of Bhakti is God and His nature and attributes. The third group
accomplishes an intellectual clarification of the nature of Prakriti,
Purusa and Purusottama, bringing out the supremacy of Bhaktiyoga.
Vedantasangraha
Vedantasangraha
without the usual divisions of chapters, brings out the total
vision of the Upanishads, discussing many a controversial text
and contradictory view.
Ramanuja attempts to systematize and reconcile the differing views
of the Upanishads, taking cue from the ancient philosophers like
Bodhayana, Dramida, Tanka etc. He recognizes three distinctive
lines of thought expressed by passages - analytical, mediating
and synthetic. On the authority of the mediating passages, Ramanuja
declares that the Upanisadic passages do not contradict one another
as the individual selves and the world, forming the body of Brahman,
do not admit the distinction of names and forms in their casual
state, while in the effected state they process distinct character.
In support of his views, Ramanuja regularly quotes the following
Upanishads - Isa, Katha, Mundaka, Aitareya, Taittiriya, Chandogya,
Brihadaranyaka, Kausataki, Svetaasvatara, Arharvasikha, Subala
and Mantrika.
In this independent exposition of the philosophy of the Upanishads,
the central concepts of Brahman, Bhakti and Moksha have been expounded.
Gadyatrayam
(a) Saranaagatigadya
: A devotional lyric in the form of prose expounding the concept
of self - surrender at the lotus feet of Narayana. This begins
with a prayer to Mahalakshmi, the Consort of Sri Ranganatha and
the divine mediatrix between the devotee and the Lord.
(b) Srirangagadya
: After surrendering at the lotus feet of the Lord, Ramanuja prays
to Lord Sriranganatha to accept him as devotee as he is the only
Lord. Sri Ranganatha is pleased with his single minded and ardent
prayer and grants him his request.
(c) Srivaikunthagadya : The last of the three prose lyrics composed
by Ramanuja. It depicts the main tenets of Vishishtadvaita school
of Philosophy describing in detail the celestial abode of the
Lord i.e., Vaikuntham.
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